12thNight.ca

By Liz Nicholls, 12thnight.ca

I know what you’re thinking. You’re lost in the dark forest of Top 10 lists, regrets, bleak self-improvement projects. You’ve drunk the champagne of finality. You’re thinking the curtain has come down and the year is over. 

Wrong wrong wrong.

That’s the beauty of live theatre in a theatre town. It was only intermission. And intermission is over. You have prospects for Act II, my friends.

In the spirit of anticipation, therefore, I offer a modest sampling of possibilities for the half-season to come.

You could….

See the much-awaited latest from the endlessly original creators at Catalyst Theatre. Fortune Falls — book by Jonathan Christenson and Beth Graham, music/lyrics by Christenson — is a five-actor chamber “musical” with a sweet tooth; it tells the story of a candy town. When its chocolate factory closes down, its very raison d’être, what happens to its identity, its dreams, its place in the world?

Calgary got to see it first: Fortune Falls was developed in collaboration with Alberta Theatre Projects. Now it’s our turn, January 17 at Catalyst’s new home, the Citadel’s Maclab Theatre.

See theatre that steps up to the most inflammatory and immediate modern subjects. Like Islamophobia. Disgraced, Ayad Akhtar’s Pulitzer Prize winner of 2013, is a two-couple dinner party that gradually comes unglued as tensions escalate. It’s at the Citadel Jan. 21 to Feb. 12 in an acclaimed production from Toronto’s Hope and Hell Theatre Company. Post-show arguing in the bar a distinct possibility. 

Or try Bust. a new dark comedy from Matthew MacKenzie (Bears, The Other), set in the post-fire Fort McMurray: two couples at a kids’ hockey game where, in the tensions of that shattered world, something shocking happens. It premieres at Theatre Network Feb. 7 to 26.  MacKenzie’s other premiere, Bone Wars, set in the Badlands and referencing, no doubt skeptically, our insatiable appetite for fossil fuels, happens at Punctuate! Theatre April 20 to 29.

See the 2016 Alberta Playwriting Competition grand prize winner: Chris Craddock’s Irma Voth. This adaptation of the Miriam Toews’ novel is from a playwright with a known command of dark comedy, heartbreak and theatrical pizzaz, demonstrated on another Toews adaptation, Summer of My Amazing Luck. The stellar Theatre Network cast you’ll see April 20 to May 7 includes the playwright, Kendra Connor, Kristi Hansen, Todd Houseman, and in the lead role, Andréa Jorawsky.

Experience musicals in every shape and size, and see first-hand what supple forms musical theatre can get itself into — from musicals that require their tap shoes to “musicals” that cry out for quotation marks, like Catalyst’s Fortune Falls.

On the one hand there’s Crazy For You, a ’30s-style vintage song-and-dance musical sparkler fashioned in the ’90s from the 1931 Gershwin musical (Girl Crazy), a lustrous array of hit Gershwin tunes from there and everywhere, and a giddy story about New York showbiz transplanted to Deadrock, Nevada. Yup, singing and dancing cowboys. Andrew MacDonald-Smith stars, in a Citadel cast that includes Rachel Bowron (March 4 to April 2).

Or there’s the warm-hearted Harvey Fierstein/ Cyndi Lauper musical Kinky Boots, touring to the Jube under the Broadway Across Canada flag Feb. 14 to 19.  Your only chance this season to see choreography specially designed for a moving conveyor belt.    

On the other hand, there’s a new sequin-free Clinton Carew/ Kris Schindel  “musical comedy about the end of the world.” Star Killing Machine comes to Azimuth Jan. 17 to 29, in a Broken Toys Theatre production. It takes us to the factory where scientists work to create the ultimate apocalyptic machine.

In between, on that colour palette, explore a two-actor American musical about the doomed love-affair of Depression era bank robbers, Bonnie and Clyde at Northern Light (May 5 to 21).

You could have the fun of  new screwball comedy: Going Going Gone, a Preston Sturges-style concoction by the gifted comic actor/writer Jana O’Connor premieres in the Teatro La Quindicina season June 22 to July 1.

You could follow a playwright with a known taste for risk. If you saw Pig Girl, her Governor General’s Award winner, or Armstrong’s War, you know something about the fearlessness of Colleen Murphy. Burning Bright (March 30 to April 8) was specially written for Studio Theatre’s current graduating class of U of A actors. The characters? The young, disenfranchised, and restless.

You could meet a hot young playwright who hasn’t been properly introduced to Edmonton audiences. The enterprising indie collective Cardiac Theatre brings us Peter Fechter: 59 Minutes (Jan. 10 to 22), one of the three solo plays in Jordan Tannahill’s Governor General’s award-winning queer youth trilogy Age of Minority. It was inspired by a photograph of an 18-year-old East German bricklayer shot while attempting to cross the Berlin Wall with his boyfriend in 1962.

Other intriguing possibilities:

• Indulge your romantic side. The Plain Janes have had to delay plans for the musical Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown due to a default in project funding that extends to the entire Varscona Theatre family of companies. Instead, Kate Ryan, who devised the Plain Janes’ Noel Coward revue of last season, has put together Ah! Romance!, a revue of “everything romantic from the musical theatre canon.” The cast includes Bridget Ryan, Jocelyn Ahlf, and Ron Pederson. 

• The Senegalese artist Patricia Gomis brings her solo show Moi, Monsieur, Moi! to town Feb. 7 to 11, as part of both the L’UniThéâtre season and BAM (Black Arts Matter) programming at Canoe Festival 2017. She evidently uses clowning and puppets to tell a fraught coming-of-age story about growing up female in Africa. Don’t worry if your subjunctive isn’t up to scratch: there are subtitles.

• One of the most curious of all Stewart Lemoine comedies opens the 2017 season at Teatro May 25 to June 10. In The Salon of the Talking Turk, which premiered in 2005, a ’20s New York flapper acquires a life-sized fortune-telling automaton, all the rage at the time. The great comic actor Mark Meer, who originated the role, returns for the revival. The Teatro season also revisits Lemoine’s 24-year-old Shocker’s Delight, a story of collegiate friendship, love, responsibiity, and heartbreak directed by Ron Pederson, who starred in a 2004 revival of this, his favourite play. Guarantee: the only play of the season in which Biedermeier Era furniture comes up for discussion.  

• Shadow Theatre puts Glenn Nelson, John Sproule, and Frank Zotter in front of a white-on-white canvas for a revival of one of repertoire’s most stylized and witty comedies about our reactions to … art. It’s Yasmin Reza’s Art, April 27 to May 14.

• Farren Timoteo’s stage memoir about growing up Italian, Made In Italy, premiered at Western Canada Theatre in Kamloops this past fall — in a Daryl Cloran production. How’s that for oddball coincidence?  Loran is now the Citadel artistic director; his production plays the Citadel Club April 27, our only sighting of his work this season.  

• Never miss a Nicole Moeller play if you can possibly help it; they’re always worth seeking out for the complex challenges they present in subject matter wrapped in theatricality. There’s a new one: The Preacher, the Princess, And A Crow (May 18 to 27 in the Azimuth season). And, hey, Moeller’s story of an urban loner stars Steve Pirot, a distinctively offbeat and dangerous sort of actor.   

By Liz Nicholls, 12thnight.ca

“You were funny and weird, and you made me feel better. And I remembered people can do that,” says one of the characters in The Realistic Joneses, the sly, quirky Will Eno play that got its Canadian premiere in Edmonton this past year.

The world was a tumultuous, difficult, incoherent place in 2016, no question. The feeling of connectedness, of being part of something human, was hard to come by, something to cherish when you did: hey, it’s what live theatre is for.

Along with more cautionary tales about the state of the world, the wonderful oddity of people sitting together in the dark, engaged with real live people in the light, struck home in productions on Edmonton stages in 2016.

In For The Love Of Cynthia, Teatro La Quindicina’s celebratory new Stewart Lemoine comedy/ fable, for example, the Norwegian ambassador to the tiny independent kingdom of Cynthia, very near here, has been writing a play. A visitor is perplexed by this behaviour. So is the king: “plays are quite peculiar,” he notes.

But the impromptu performance of this hilariously bleak and earnest piece of Canadiana transforms an “international incident” into a festive “official state visit.”

The cosmic aliens getting an intergalactic fact-finding tour in The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe are particularly struck by “the goosebump”  experience of being in a live theatre audience, “laughing and crying together.”  Ah, or in the case of Anxiety, getting claustrophobic together (see below).

Let’s cast our wits back, for a selected review of those 2016 goosebumps in Edmonton theatre.

This wooden O: Brood no more on bridges and that Toonerville Trolley en route to NAIT: Edmonton’s specialty is  theatres. This was the year we got a handsome new one, reconstructed on the footprint — and using many of the bricks — of the old. The $7.5 million 205-seat Varscona, raised the (red velvet) curtain in June with Teatro La Quindicina’s For The Love Of Cynthia. A 12-year dream. Built on time. And the Varscona cluster of companies, including Shadow and indies like The Plain Janes, The Maggie Tree, and Trunk Theatre are back from a year’s exile across the street in the Backstage Theatre.

More theatre plans are in the air: Rapid Fire Theatre plans an improv theatre in The Quarters. Grindstone Theatre is fundraising for a second-storey comedy theatre above Block 1912 on Whyte Avenue. And Theatre Network is officially readying itself to build on the old 124th Street site where fire claimed its atmospheric ex-cinema home in the winter of 2015. First comes the fundraising.

Make me a drink, George: For its 50th anniversary season, the Citadel returned to its very first theatre-launching production, November 1965: Edward Albee 1962 ground-scorcher Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?. James MacDonald’s production, starring Brenda Robins and Tom Rooney, did it proud — and impressed us all over again that a new theatre in the prairie hinterland half a century ago would have the guts to make a play by a controversial upstart the opening opening night.

Exits, entrances: This was the year, the first in 17, Edmonton’s flagship playhouse has a new artistic director. Actually, it was the first time ever that the mighty Citadel, one of the country’s largest (and certainly its most idiosyncratic) regional theatre has ever had an official search, with all the trimmings.

Bob Baker, the Citadel’s first homegrown artistic director, stepped down. Stepping up is Daryl Cloran, an artist with intriguingly diverse and original Toronto credits, most recently the artistic head of Western Canada Theatre in Kamloops.

At Nextfest, at 21 an increasingly influential agent provocateur in Edmonton theatre, Steve Pirot exited his festival director post after 15 years. Enter Ellen Chorley, a theatre artist of remarkable versatility who acts, directs, writes plays and burlesques, mentors young artists and runs a theatre for young audiences (Promise Productions).

The festive spirit (rock on): Mysteriously, the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death didn’t cause mass celebratory eruptions in the streets (or theatres) here — honourable exception to Grindstone Theatre and their production of The Complete Works of Wm Shkspr in 60 minutes. Fie!

But to another record-breaking Fringe (124,500 tickets changed hands at That Was Then This Fringe), Improvaganza, the Bonfire Festival, Nextfest, Kaleidoscope, Serca, Found, and the rest, Edmonton got a couple of new festivals: one for clowns (Edmonton Clown Festival) and one (Chinook) that combines under one roof — the ATB Financial Arts Barns — Expanse Movement Festival, the Canoe Festival, and winter returns of Fringe hits).  Concept proposal: a Shakespeare clown festival, the Feste Fest.

Insane concept of the year: What could be more impossible than improvising a Ted Talk on the spot, using slides you haven’t seen, on a topic you don’t know in advance? That’s what crazy brainiacs Julian Faid and Kory Mathewson do in TEDxRFT. Universities are snapping them up.

Perverse concept of the year: Anne Washburn’s mesmerizing 10 out of 12, brought to us by Wildside Productions, is a backstage pass to the world of the “technical rehearsal,” in all its aggravating boredom. What you see is the niggling, mundane, interminable, minutely detailed cue-by-cue choice-by-choice work that goes into making theatre magic. And the play they’re rehearsing is by no means a masterpiece. You leave wonderstruck by the improbability of theatre.

Unnerving topicality:

• The name Trump comes up, disparagingly, in The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe — it wouldn’t be one of the signs — Jane Wagner’s 1985 multi-character solo play taken on by Stephanie Wolfe in an Edmonton Actors Theatre production in the Teatro La Quindicina season.
• “Mr. Burton, are you a homosexual?” The hostage tension in The Conversion, Kill Your Television’s new Nathan Cuckow/Kevin Sutley thriller, ripples with the persecuting impulse masked as conversion therapy. A Pence for your thoughts.
• Hair, a touchy subject in this election year, is 50 years old. But in Ron Jenkins’ Mayfield surprisingly immediate production its dark roots were showing — in both the anti-war scenes and the very queasy racism held up for scrutiny in the black Abraham Lincoln scene. Face it, the social “conversation” has taken a horrifying downturn lately.

The Actor’s Bravery Award for 2016: The indie spirit lives at Northern Light. I wince every time I remember Wish, a stage adaptation of the Peter Goldsworthy novel, about the romance turned full-blown love affair, sex included, between a loner teacher of sign language and a gorilla. The story, which detours into animal rights activism, ends in tears. The theatrical experience, disconcerting in the extreme, makes you reel in admiration for Christopher Schulz and Ainsley Hillyard, intrepid and compelling in Trevor Schmidt’s production.

The experimental spirit:

• The environmental: Theatre Yes, the enterprising indie that redefined “small theatre” with their Elevator Project, called us once again on all the theatre clichés about intimacy, sharing, and the rules of engagement. Anxiety gathered the original work of six of the country’s most experimental indies in claustrophobic rooms in an anonymous warehouse in an anonymous suburb, at which we arrived in an anonymous bus. The “guides” were anxious, the performers were anxious, the audience was anxious. As a character says in The Realistic Joneses, “well that was fun. I mean not fun but some other word….”
• Theatre one on one: In an age when theatre world-wide struggles to expand its audience, the Citadel director of new play development, Brian Dooley, experimented with shrinking the audience … to one. Encounters pitted one actor with one spectator, 12 people a night max.
• The soft-seater: The “bold staging choice of the year” award goes to Bob Baker, who launched his production of West Side Story on the Citadel’s thrust stage, the Maclab, instead of the theatre’s framed proscenium stage, the Shoctor. The Jets and the Sharks hurled themselves into the heart of the audience, and the 60-year-old groundbreaker musical felt dangerous again.
• The agility of musical theatre:

(a) Kudos to the intriguing playfulness of Jill Connell’s The Supine Cobbler, premiered by The Maggie Tree: a contemporary abortion daringly framed as a western musical, with a live band. The performances were lively and fun, Vanessa Sabourin’s production was inventive in its use of the Backstage Theatre. Alas, Connell’s most accessible piece didn’t find the audience it deserved.

(b) Follow the dancing condom: At Studio, the strange story of entrepreneur A.R. Kaufman, the unlikely founding father of the Canadian birth control movement, was conceived (so to speak) by star playwright Hannah Moscovitch, who has an experimental streak, as a ’30s-style Weimar cabaret. The Kaufman Cabaret was commissioned by the U of A’s Studio Theatre for its graduating class.

A sampling of 2016’s memorable productions. The order is random; they linger in the mind for different reasons.

• Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? The sheer visceral strength of performances from Tom Rooney and Brenda Robins, and the savage humour they mined in  the landmark Edward Albee play itself, in James MacDonald’s Citadel production made for a dangerous, riveting evening in the theatre.
• Witness to a Conga – Stewart Lemoine’s 2010 coming-of-age play, claimed a territory for comedy painfully close to the bone.
  

  Andrew MacDonald-Smith and Louise Lambert in Witness To A Conga. Photo by Andrew MacDonald-Smith.

  It got revived in a Teatro La Quindicina production where wry literate humour served to amplify the emotional palette of the piece. Heartbreaking and funny.

• The Supine Cobbler – Jill Connell’s original “musical,” premiered in its current form by The Maggie Tree, pilfers the iconography of the classic Western for a solitary female protagonist, by way of framing an abortion as the ultimate stand-off at noon. This sounds heavily freighted; instead it was strangely, even touchingly light in its combination of angst and absurdity.
• Gordon – In the opening moment of Morris Panych’s riotously gritty black comedy of family dysfunction, a son fresh from the slammer, with career aspirations in criminality, breaks into his father’s house.
  

  Joe Perry in Gordon, at Theatre Network. Photo by Ian Jackson, Epic Photography.

  The crack ensemble of Bradley Moss’s Theatre Network production interlocked father-son performances from Brian Dooley and Joe Perry, with Ben Stevens as the hapless side-kick and Patricia Cerra as the sullen girlfriend. Horrifying things happen in this family reunion gone haywire. We laughed, we winced.

• 

  Jesse Gervais and Belinda Cornish in The Realistic Joneses. Photo supplied.

  The Realistic Joneses – Will Eno’s eccentric comedy takes the “relationship comedy” and everyday banalities of small talk at their word(s), to strange, disconcerting effect. In this oddball intersection of two couples, both named Jones, you somehow get the sense of an immense and unknowable universe that surrounds the little mystery of our mortality. It’s captured beautifully by Jim Guedo’s quartet of actors: Robert Benz, Belinda Cornish, Amber Borotsik, Jesse Gervais.

• The Other – Matthew MacKenzie’s fanciful and lively study of alienation, the third of his “third-person narrative” trilogy, came to life in Patrick Lundeen’s Pyretic production, and a stage-commanding performance by the charismatic Amber Borotsik as a woman outside her own life observing and annotating.
  

  Amber Borotsik, and the cast of The Other, at Pyretic Productions. Photo by Marc J. Chalifoux

  Her invisibility is conjured, paradoxically, by five dancers.

• Or The Whale – In this fleet, original Wishbone Theatre creation, directed by Chris Bullough for Studio Theatre, Herman Melville’s 700-page doorstopper Moby Dick is reimagined as a theatrical fantasia on memory, and the universal quest for meaning. The production isn’t decorated by its multi-media arsenal of contributions; the “wonder-world” lived in them.
• For The Love Of Cynthia – The new Stewart Lemoine comedy that launched the reconstructed Varscona was not only a ruritanian fable set in Alberta, but a comedy about how we tell our own stories and who owns them when we do.
  

  Ron Pederson and the cast of For The Love of Cynthia at Teatro La Quindicina.

  As usual Teatro La Quindicina assembled a stellar ensemble of veterans, including Ron Pederson as the manically energized King of Cynthia, and newcomers, including Paula Humby and Ben Stevens.

• 

  Mackenzie Reurink and Rebecca Ann Merkley. Photo by Ian Jackson, Epic Photography

  Klondykes, a new Darrin Hagen/Trevor Schmidt musical, lit out from the Guys in Disguise territory, where playful satirical impulses rock, and into a darker, more personal territory. Hagen’s rich and dissonant score is a departure: with Schmidt’s lyrics the songs, which have a Weill flavour, tap a sense of place, of nature’s cycles in the Canadian north. A Gold Rush story where the nuggets to be found are in a sense of sexual identity.

• 

  Andrew MacDonald-Smith and Ellie Heath in Alice Through The Looking-Glass at the Citadel. Photo by Ian Jackson, Epic Photography.

  Alice Through The Looking-Glass – The Citadel/ National Arts Centre production found a playful physical reality for the agile verbal gymnastics of Lewis Carroll’s great 1871 fantasy. brainy verbal absurdities. True, it never quite knew quite when to say when, but this kind of big-budget pinball creativity was fun fun fun, not least because the cast included an all-star team of Edmonton’s funniest actors.

The designers: a sampling of the year’s memorable designs on Edmonton stages:

• Bretta Gerecke was unstoppably imaginative in conjuring the logically illogical mirror-image world in Alice Through The Looking-Glass.
• Aaron Macri’s flavourful sound design for The Kaufman Cabaret had soupçons of the darker current in which the story of the improbable birth control turns nasty.
• Matt Schuurman, best known as a projection and video designer (not to mention his improv expertise at Rapid Fire Theatre), conjured a fairy tale world of starlit romance, lingering dusks and medical twilights, all part of the storytelling in Catch The Keys’ Ursa Major.
• T. Erin Gruber’s design for Witch Hunt at the Strand wrapped its wits around both the bright lights of showbiz and the dark corners of the demimonde where homosexuals feared for persecution, in this dramatization of a brutal chapter in our history.
• Trevor Schmidt’s astro-turf tube of a set for Sisters Sisters was the witty embodiment of a life lived in a dysfunctional household.
• Chantel Fortin’s assortment of outsized picture frames for Teatro’s Witness to a Conga was an ingenious way for an intricate series of coming-of-age flashbacks to happen.

The performances that linger in the mind:

• Tom Rooney redefined George, in every particular, in a performance that escalated in dry, fierce humour, in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?.
• As the haunted hero, Andrew MacDonald-Smith handled the intricacies of Stewart Lemoine’s Witness to a Conga with every nuance of humour and pain. A beautiful performance, matched by Jeff Haslam as the remote, harsh father who has to discover how to connect.
  

  Sheldon Elter in Love’s Labour’s Lost, at Freewill Shakespeare Festival.

• Sheldon Elter was absurd, and touching, as the preposterous Don Armado in Freewill Shakespeare Festival’s entertaining ’60s-style production of Love’s Labour’s Lost.
• Jesse Gervais had a fine 2016, among his roles two exceptional performances in Love’s Labour’s Lost as the witty cynic Berowne and in The Realistic Joneses as the younger of the Mr. Joneses, the funniest and most quirkily playful of the characters.
• Jason Chinn as the weirder, more conflicted of a pair of  kidnappers in The Conversion.
• Pamela Gordon as the fiery Anita in the Citadel’s West Side Story, returned to the role after 11 years with a bigger voice and even more stage electricity.
• Kristi Hansen was so unflashy and authentic as the stage manager in 10 out of 12, with that fake-hushed voice that stage managers have — “please show me group 60, 27 at full, house sound at sound two. Go.” — that it would never occur to you she was acting.
• John Ullyatt’s gravely imperious Humpty Dumpty, grandly unaware of his impending egg scramble, in Jillian Kelley’s Alice Through The Looking-Glass. The perfect cameo of an aristocrat before the revolution.
• Amber Borotsik in The Other (see above), and as Pony, a ditzy airhead who’s skimming over dark knowledge in The Realistic Joneses.
• Josée Boudreau’s committed performance in the title role of the Citadel musical Evangeline, looking for her man for 60 years!, defined star quality the old-fashioned way.
• Tom Wood, who transcended every old curmudgeon cliché built into Christmas Carols world-wide with his detailed and dimensional performance as the old skinflint in the Citadel’s still wonderful version.

Memorable moments in 2016. You’ll have your own; please share. Meantime, do you remember…?

• Jesse Gervais as Tweedledum in Alice Through The Looking-Glass delivering what might well be the most memorable all-body tantrum ever seen on a Citadel stage.
• In Witness for a Conga, our wry  protagonist, haunted by scenes from his past, conjuring the gut-wrencher of being sat down by his warring parents for “an important talk” — only to discover that the family will be no more and he’s moving to Vancouver.  “The one in Canada?” he blurts, absurdly, overcome by the way his world has spun out of his control.
• the argument in Gordon between young Gordon and his more tentative criminal sidekick, which happens as the latter is casually whipping up another batch of crystal meth in the kitchen.
• True, the Yuletide season has a lot to answer for, in terrible social events full of people who should never be within 100 yards of each other. It’s a natural for family dysfunction “comedy,” witness the nerve-wracking countdown to disaster in Other Desert Cities (daughter returns home to spill beans about her new tell-all family memoir). The Christmas party scene in David Belke’s The Red King’s Dream, presided over by Mathew Hulshof as the awkward nerd protagonist, is a contender in the gruesomely hilarious category.
• the look on Garett Ross’s face in Belke’s Ten Times Two — where two characters return in different time periods in a serial recurring courtship saga — when he looks up to discover he’s sitting beside a nun.
• the scene in which five dancers manage conjure Russia, Vladivostok to St. Petersburg, as it rushes by a train window in The Other? A model of labour-intensive cheap-theatre wit brought to us by choreographer Ainsley Hillyard.
• Paul Dunn, conjuring an entire Celtic band, The Pansy Rovers, with its own jaunty Riverdance-er, in The Gay Heritage Project.
• two friends comparing scars competing fiercely over who’s suffered the most, in The Supine Cobbler. “See this  trachea? I stabbed it with a pencil….”

Promising newcomers: Braydon Dowler-Coltman’s directing work this year on Subway Circus and Scaramouche Jones signals a big career in the making. Actor Luc Tellier directed a crack production of Daniel MacIvor’s portrait of male friendship Never Swim Alone. Leif Ingebrigtsen’s Dungeons and Dragons musical Echoes of a Lost King, which premiered at Nextfest, revealed an instinctive feel for where songs  — his are contagious — should be located in a musical, and what part of the story they should move.